List Of Operators
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mathematics Mathematics is an area of knowledge that includes the topics of numbers, formulas and related structures, shapes and the spaces in which they are contained, and quantities and their changes. These topics are represented in modern mathematics ...
, an operator or
transform Transform may refer to: Arts and entertainment * Transform (scratch), a type of scratch used by turntablists * ''Transform'' (Alva Noto album), 2001 * ''Transform'' (Howard Jones album) or the title song, 2019 * ''Transform'' (Powerman 5000 album ...
is a
function Function or functionality may refer to: Computing * Function key, a type of key on computer keyboards * Function model, a structured representation of processes in a system * Function object or functor or functionoid, a concept of object-oriente ...
from one
space of functions In mathematics, a function space is a set of functions between two fixed sets. Often, the domain and/or codomain will have additional structure which is inherited by the function space. For example, the set of functions from any set into a vector ...
to another. Operators occur commonly in
engineering Engineering is the use of scientific method, scientific principles to design and build machines, structures, and other items, including bridges, tunnels, roads, vehicles, and buildings. The discipline of engineering encompasses a broad rang ...
,
physics Physics is the natural science that studies matter, its fundamental constituents, its motion and behavior through space and time, and the related entities of energy and force. "Physical science is that department of knowledge which r ...
and mathematics. Many are
integral operator An integral operator is an operator that involves integration. Special instances are: * The operator of integration itself, denoted by the integral symbol * Integral linear operators, which are linear operators induced by bilinear forms invol ...
s and
differential operator In mathematics, a differential operator is an operator defined as a function of the differentiation operator. It is helpful, as a matter of notation first, to consider differentiation as an abstract operation that accepts a function and return ...
s. In the following ''L'' is an operator :L:\mathcal\to\mathcal which takes a function y\in\mathcal to another function L in\mathcal. Here, \mathcal and \mathcal are some unspecified
function space In mathematics, a function space is a set of functions between two fixed sets. Often, the domain and/or codomain will have additional structure which is inherited by the function space. For example, the set of functions from any set into a vect ...
s, such as
Hardy space In complex analysis, the Hardy spaces (or Hardy classes) ''Hp'' are certain spaces of holomorphic functions on the unit disk or upper half plane. They were introduced by Frigyes Riesz , who named them after G. H. Hardy, because of the paper . ...
, ''L''p space,
Sobolev space In mathematics, a Sobolev space is a vector space of functions equipped with a norm that is a combination of ''Lp''-norms of the function together with its derivatives up to a given order. The derivatives are understood in a suitable weak sense t ...
, or, more vaguely, the space of
holomorphic function In mathematics, a holomorphic function is a complex-valued function of one or more complex variables that is complex differentiable in a neighbourhood of each point in a domain in complex coordinate space . The existence of a complex derivativ ...
s. {, class="wikitable" , - style="background:#eaeaea" ! style="text-align: center" , Expression ! style="text-align: center" , Curve
definition ! style="text-align: center" , Variables ! style="text-align: center" , Description , - ! style="background:#eafaea" colspan=4, Linear transformations , - , L y^{(n)} , , , , , , Derivative of ''n''th order , - , L \int_a^t y \,dt , , Cartesian, , y=y(x)
x=t, , Integral, area , - , L y\circ f, , , , , ,
Composition operator In mathematics, the composition operator C_\phi with symbol \phi is a linear operator defined by the rule C_\phi (f) = f \circ \phi where f \circ \phi denotes function composition. The study of composition operators is covered bAMS category 47B33 ...
, - , L \frac{y\circ t+y\circ -t}{2}, , , , , , Even component , - , L \frac{y\circ t-y\circ -t}{2}, , , , , , Odd component , - , L y\circ (t+1) - y\circ t = \Delta y, , , , , ,
Difference operator In mathematics, a recurrence relation is an equation according to which the nth term of a sequence of numbers is equal to some combination of the previous terms. Often, only k previous terms of the sequence appear in the equation, for a parameter ...
, - , L y\circ (t) - y\circ (t-1) = \nabla y, , , , , , Backward difference (Nabla operator) , - , L \sum y=\Delta^{-1}y, , , , , ,
Indefinite sum In discrete calculus the indefinite sum operator (also known as the antidifference operator), denoted by \sum _x or \Delta^ , is the linear operator, inverse of the forward difference operator \Delta . It relates to the forward difference operator ...
operator (inverse operator of difference) , - , L =-(py')'+qy , , , , , , Sturm–Liouville operator , - ! style="background:#eafaea" colspan=4, Non-linear transformations , - , F y^{ 1 , , , , , ,
Inverse function In mathematics, the inverse function of a function (also called the inverse of ) is a function that undoes the operation of . The inverse of exists if and only if is bijective, and if it exists, is denoted by f^ . For a function f\colon X\t ...
, - , F t\,y'^{ 1 - y\circ y'^{ 1 , , , , , ,
Legendre transformation In mathematics, the Legendre transformation (or Legendre transform), named after Adrien-Marie Legendre, is an involutive transformation on real-valued convex functions of one real variable. In physical problems, it is used to convert functions of ...
, - , F f\circ y, , , , , , Left composition , - , F \prod y, , , , , ,
Indefinite product In mathematics, the indefinite product operator is the inverse operator of Q(f(x)) = \frac. It is a discrete version of the geometric integral of geometric calculus, one of the non-Newtonian calculi. Some authors use term discrete multiplicative int ...
, - , F \frac{y'}{y}, , , , , ,
Logarithmic derivative In mathematics, specifically in calculus and complex analysis, the logarithmic derivative of a function ''f'' is defined by the formula \frac where f' is the derivative of ''f''. Intuitively, this is the infinitesimal relative change in ''f''; ...
, - , F {\frac{ty'}{y, , , , , ,
Elasticity Elasticity often refers to: *Elasticity (physics), continuum mechanics of bodies that deform reversibly under stress Elasticity may also refer to: Information technology * Elasticity (data store), the flexibility of the data model and the cl ...
, - , F {y \over y'}-{3\over 2}\left({y''\over y'}\right)^2, , , , , ,
Schwarzian derivative In mathematics, the Schwarzian derivative is an operator similar to the derivative which is invariant under Möbius transformations. Thus, it occurs in the theory of the complex projective line, and in particular, in the theory of modular forms an ...
, - , F \int_a^t , y', \,dt , , , , , ,
Total variation In mathematics, the total variation identifies several slightly different concepts, related to the (local or global) structure of the codomain of a function or a measure. For a real-valued continuous function ''f'', defined on an interval 'a'' ...
, - , F \frac{1}{t-a}\int_a^t y\,dt , , , , , ,
Arithmetic mean In mathematics and statistics, the arithmetic mean ( ) or arithmetic average, or just the ''mean'' or the ''average'' (when the context is clear), is the sum of a collection of numbers divided by the count of numbers in the collection. The colle ...
, - , F \exp \left( \frac{1}{t-a}\int_a^t \ln y\,dt \right) , , , , , ,
Geometric mean In mathematics, the geometric mean is a mean or average which indicates a central tendency of a set of numbers by using the product of their values (as opposed to the arithmetic mean which uses their sum). The geometric mean is defined as the ...
, - , F -\frac{y}{y'}, , Cartesian, , y=y(x)
x=t, , rowspan=3, Subtangent , - , F ,y -\frac{yx'}{y'}, , Parametric
Cartesian, , x=x(t)
y=y(t) , - , F -\frac{r^2}{r'}, , Polar, , r=r(\phi)
\phi=t , - , F \frac{1}{2}\int_a^t r^2 dt, , Polar, , r=r(\phi)
\phi=t , , Sector area , - , F \int_a^t \sqrt { 1 + y'^2 }\, dt, , Cartesian, , y=y(x)
x=t, , rowspan=3,
Arc length ARC may refer to: Business * Aircraft Radio Corporation, a major avionics manufacturer from the 1920s to the '50s * Airlines Reporting Corporation, an airline-owned company that provides ticket distribution, reporting, and settlement services * ...
, - , F ,y \int_a^t \sqrt { x'^2 + y'^2 }\, dt, , Parametric
Cartesian, , x=x(t)
y=y(t) , - , F \int_a^t \sqrt { r^2 + r'^2 }\, dt, , Polar, , r=r(\phi)
\phi=t , - , F ,y= \int_a^t\sqrt y''}\, dt , , Cartesian, , y=y(x)
x=t, , rowspan=3, Affine arc length , - , F ,y= \int_a^t\sqrt x'y''-x''y'}\, dt , , Parametric
Cartesian, , x=x(t)
y=y(t) , - , F ,y,z\int_a^t\sqrt z(x'y''-y'x'')+z''(xy'-x'y)+z'(x''y-xy'')}, , Parametric
Cartesian, , x=x(t)
y=y(t)
z=z(t) , - , F \frac{y''}{(1+y'^2)^{3/2, , Cartesian, , y=y(x)
x=t, , rowspan=4,
Curvature In mathematics, curvature is any of several strongly related concepts in geometry. Intuitively, the curvature is the amount by which a curve deviates from being a straight line, or a surface deviates from being a plane. For curves, the canonic ...
, - , F ,y \frac{x'y''-y'x''}{(x'^2+y'^2)^{3/2, , Parametric
Cartesian, , x=x(t)
y=y(t) , - , F \frac{r^2+2r'^2-rr''}{(r^2+r'^2)^{3/2, , Polar, , r=r(\phi)
\phi=t , - , F ,y,z\frac{\sqrt{(z''y'-z'y'')^2+(x''z'-z''x')^2+(y''x'-x''y')^2{(x'^2+y'^2+z'^2)^{3/2, , Parametric
Cartesian, , x=x(t)
y=y(t)
z=z(t) , - , F \frac{1}{3}\frac{y'}{(y'')^{5/3-\frac{5}{9}\frac{y^2}{(y'')^{8/3, , Cartesian, , y=y(x)
x=t, , rowspan=2,
Affine curvature Special affine curvature, also known as the equiaffine curvature or affine curvature, is a particular type of curvature that is defined on a plane curve that remains unchanged under a special affine transformation (an affine transformation that pr ...
, - , F ,y \frac{x''y-xy''}{(x'y''-x''y')^{5/3-\frac{1}{2}\left frac{1}{(x'y''-x''y')^{2/3\right', , Parametric
Cartesian, , x=x(t)
y=y(t) , - , F ,y,z\frac{z(x'y''-y'x'')+z''(xy'-x'y)+z'(x''y-xy'')}{(x'^2+y'^2+z'^2)(x''^2+y''^2+z''^2)}, , Parametric
Cartesian, , x=x(t)
y=y(t)
z=z(t), ,
Torsion of curves Torsion may refer to: Science * Torsion (mechanics), the twisting of an object due to an applied torque * Torsion of spacetime, the field used in Einstein–Cartan theory and ** Alternatives to general relativity * Torsion angle, in chemistry Bio ...
, - , X ,y\frac{y'}{yx'-xy'}

Y ,y\frac{x'}{xy'-yx'}, , Parametric
Cartesian, , x=x(t)
y=y(t), ,
Dual curve In projective geometry, a dual curve of a given plane curve is a curve in the dual projective plane consisting of the set of lines tangent to . There is a map from a curve to its dual, sending each point to the point dual to its tangent line. I ...

(tangent coordinates) , - , X ,yx+\frac{ay'}{\sqrt {x'^2+y'^2

Y ,yy-\frac{ax'}{\sqrt {x'^2+y'^2, , Parametric
Cartesian, , x=x(t)
y=y(t), ,
Parallel curve A parallel of a curve is the envelope of a family of congruent circles centered on the curve. It generalises the concept of '' parallel (straight) lines''. It can also be defined as a curve whose points are at a constant '' normal distance'' f ...
, - , X ,yx+y'\frac{x'^2+y'^2}{x''y'-y''x'}

Y ,yy+x'\frac{x'^2+y'^2}{y''x'-x''y'}, , Parametric
Cartesian, , x=x(t)
y=y(t), , rowspan=2,
Evolute In the differential geometry of curves, the evolute of a curve is the locus of all its centers of curvature. That is to say that when the center of curvature of each point on a curve is drawn, the resultant shape will be the evolute of that curv ...
, - , F t (r'\circ r^{ 1), , Intrinsic, , r=r(s)
s=t , - , X ,yx-\frac{x'\int_a^t \sqrt { x'^2 + y'^2 }\, dt}{\sqrt { x'^2 + y'^2

Y ,yy-\frac{y'\int_a^t \sqrt { x'^2 + y'^2 }\, dt}{\sqrt { x'^2 + y'^2 , , Parametric
Cartesian, , x=x(t)
y=y(t), , ,
Involute In mathematics, an involute (also known as an evolvent) is a particular type of curve that is dependent on another shape or curve. An involute of a curve is the locus of a point on a piece of taut string as the string is either unwrapped from or ...
, - , X ,y\frac{(xy'-yx')y'}{x'^2 + y'^2}

Y ,y\frac{(yx'-xy')x'}{x'^2 + y'^2}, , Parametric
Cartesian, , x=x(t)
y=y(t), , ,
Pedal curve A pedal (from the Latin '' pes'' ''pedis'', "foot") is a lever designed to be operated by foot and may refer to: Computers and other equipment * Footmouse, a foot-operated computer mouse * In medical transcription, a pedal is used to control ...
with pedal point (0;0) , - , X ,y\frac{(x'^2-y'^2)y'+2xyx'}{xy'-yx'}

Y ,y\frac{(x'^2-y'^2)x'+2xyy'}{xy'-yx'}, , Parametric
Cartesian, , x=x(t)
y=y(t), , , Negative pedal curve with pedal point (0;0) , - , X = \int_a^t \cos \left int_a^t \frac{1}{y} \,dt\rightdt

Y = \int_a^t \sin \left int_a^t \frac{1}{y} \,dt\rightdt, , Intrinsic, , y=r(s)
s=t, , Intrinsic to
Cartesian
transformation , - ! style="background:#eafaea" colspan=4, Metric functionals , - , F \, y\, =\sqrt{\int_E y^2 \, dt}, , , , , ,
Norm Naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORM) and technologically enhanced naturally occurring radioactive materials (TENORM) consist of materials, usually industrial wastes or by-products enriched with radioactive elements found in the envir ...
, - , F ,y\int_E xy \, dt, , , , , ,
Inner product In mathematics, an inner product space (or, rarely, a Hausdorff space, Hausdorff pre-Hilbert space) is a real vector space or a complex vector space with an operation (mathematics), operation called an inner product. The inner product of two ve ...
, - , F ,y\arccos \left frac{\int_E xy \, dt}{\sqrt{\int_E x^2 \, dt}\sqrt{\int_E y^2 \, dt\right/math>, , , , , ,
Fubini–Study metric In mathematics, the Fubini–Study metric is a Kähler metric on projective Hilbert space, that is, on a complex projective space CP''n'' endowed with a Hermitian form. This metric was originally described in 1904 and 1905 by Guido Fubini and Edua ...

(inner angle) , - ! style="background:#eafaea" colspan=4, Distribution functionals , - , F ,y= x * y = \int_E x(s) y(t - s)\, ds, , , , , ,
Convolution In mathematics (in particular, functional analysis), convolution is a operation (mathematics), mathematical operation on two function (mathematics), functions ( and ) that produces a third function (f*g) that expresses how the shape of one is ...
, - , F = \int_E y \ln y \, dt, , , , , ,
Differential entropy Differential entropy (also referred to as continuous entropy) is a concept in information theory that began as an attempt by Claude Shannon to extend the idea of (Shannon) entropy, a measure of average surprisal of a random variable, to continu ...
, - , F = \int_E yt\,dt, , , , , ,
Expected value In probability theory, the expected value (also called expectation, expectancy, mathematical expectation, mean, average, or first moment) is a generalization of the weighted average. Informally, the expected value is the arithmetic mean of a l ...
, - , F = \int_E \left(t-\int_E yt\,dt\right)^2y\,dt, , , , , ,
Variance In probability theory and statistics, variance is the expectation of the squared deviation of a random variable from its population mean or sample mean. Variance is a measure of dispersion, meaning it is a measure of how far a set of numbers ...


See also

*
List of transforms This is a list of transforms in mathematics. Integral transforms * Abel transform * Bateman transform *Fourier transform ** Short-time Fourier transform **Gabor transform * Hankel transform * Hartley transform *Hermite transform *Hilbert transfo ...
*
List of Fourier-related transforms This is a list of linear transformations of function (mathematics), functions related to Fourier analysis. Such transformations Map (mathematics), map a function to a set of coefficients of basis functions, where the basis functions are trigonomet ...
*
Transfer operator Transfer may refer to: Arts and media * ''Transfer'' (2010 film), a German science-fiction movie directed by Damir Lukacevic and starring Zana Marjanović * ''Transfer'' (1966 film), a short film * ''Transfer'' (journal), in management studies ...
*
Fredholm operator In mathematics, Fredholm operators are certain operators that arise in the Fredholm theory of integral equations. They are named in honour of Erik Ivar Fredholm. By definition, a Fredholm operator is a bounded linear operator ''T'' : '' ...
* Borel transform *
Glossary of mathematical symbols A mathematical symbol is a figure or a combination of figures that is used to represent a mathematical object, an action on mathematical objects, a relation between mathematical objects, or for structuring the other symbols that occur in a formula. ...
Operators Operator may refer to: Mathematics * A symbol indicating a mathematical operation * Logical operator or logical connective in mathematical logic * Operator (mathematics), mapping that acts on elements of a space to produce elements of another sp ...
Operators Operator may refer to: Mathematics * A symbol indicating a mathematical operation * Logical operator or logical connective in mathematical logic * Operator (mathematics), mapping that acts on elements of a space to produce elements of another sp ...
Operators Operator may refer to: Mathematics * A symbol indicating a mathematical operation * Logical operator or logical connective in mathematical logic * Operator (mathematics), mapping that acts on elements of a space to produce elements of another sp ...